H2PlasmaRed published the 6th peer-reviewed publication: Thermodynamic-kinetic modeling of hematite reduction in a laboratory-scale hydrogen plasma smelting reduction furnace

We’re celebrating one of the very first hydrogen plasma smelting reduction (HPSR) models with our latest publication in Chemical Engineering Science journal! The work presents dynamic thermodynamic–kinetic model for HPSR. The model couples mass transfer–controlled reaction kinetics with thermodynamic driving forces using an effective equilibrium constant (EEC) framework.

It successfully predicts the stepwise reduction pathway of hematite (Fe2O3 → Fe3O4 → FeO → Fe) and the evolution of metal and slag compositions. Validation against laboratory-scale experiments shows good agreement, demonstrating the capability of the model to describe complex plasma–metal–slag interactions under high-temperature conditions.

The full article is available here – https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000925092600730X?via%3Dihub

Congratulations to Areej Javed, Ilpo Mäkelä, Henri Pauna, Henna-Riikka Putaala, Ubaid Manzoor, Dennis Klapproth, Anumoy Ganguly, Bhaskarjyoti Das, Isnaldi Souza Filho, Dierk Raabe, Ville-Valtteri Visuri